SOIL QUALITY AND THE EVOLUTION OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN CONSERVATIVE AGRICULTURE SYSTEM

Abstract

The results obtained at the Albatros Farm on the Great Brăila Island, after the pea crop, are presented. The farm is located on alluvial soil, with weak gleying processes on higher grounds and strong in the low area. Samples were collected every 10 cm down to a depth of 50 cm.
Soil works were carried out with a Joker, which ensures a partial incorporation of plant residues at a depth of 8-10 cm, using a conservative approach, with plant residues partially incorporated into the soil. Fertilisation was carried out with mineral fertilisers: 60 kg N/ha, 58.5 kg P2O5/ha, and 23.4 kg S/ha. The expected yield was 3500 kg/ha, while the actual yield was 5507 kg/ha, with a difference of 2007 kg/ha (57.3%).
The chemical characteristics of the soil are: a mildly alkaline reaction, pH ranging between 7.78 and 8.11, medium humus content, high total nitrogen content, high total phosphorus and very high mobile phosphorus in the first 30 cm, medium and high total and mobile potassium content, high sulfur content and high cation exchange capacity values, it can be appreciated that in this respect the farm's soil has a high fertility potential.
The physical and chemical characteristics of the soil highlight the application of proper agricultural technologies that lead to a continuous improvement of soil quality and an increase in both production and product quality. No accumulation of heavy metals in the soil that would limit the quantity or quality of production has been observed.