USE OF PEDOLOGICAL DATA TO DETERMINE CROP SUITABILITY

Abstract

This paper addresses the importance of using pedological data in assessing the suitability of land for major agricultural crops, in the current context of climate change and the need for sustainable natural resource management. The analysis of physical, chemical and biological properties of soil – including texture, pH, humus content and water retention capacity – provides a solid basis for classifying land according to its productive potential. The study combines traditional methods of mapping and pedological analysis with modern GIS technologies and spatial models, allowing the development of precise suitability maps for crops such as wheat, maize, sunflower and potato. The results indicate that chernozem soils represent the most favourable category, followed by luvisols and alluvial soils, which can be improved by soil improvement measures.
Based on the data obtained and recent research in the field, the paper emphasizes the need for the permanent integration of soil information in agricultural planning and the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices to preserve soil fertility. The use of these tools contributes to the optimization of agricultural production, environmental protection and ensuring long-term food security.
The integrated use of soil data and GIS technologies supports agricultural decisions, contributing to the optimization of production and the sustainable management of soil resources.