GRAPEVINE BREEDING AND COMPLETION OF THE ASSORTIMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

Abstract

The paper presents data on the initiation of grapevine breeding programs in the Republic of Moldova and the history of the formation of the grapevine assortment. As a result of the crossbreeding programs and research conducted over the years, grapevine varieties with table and wine grapes resistant to unfavorable environmental factors were created and approved (Tudor, Guzun, Muscat de Bugeac, Viorica, Floricica, Meleag). Another important direction was to lay the foundation for the creation of seedless varieties with resistance to abiotic and biotic unfavorable environmental factors, adapted for cultivation in the temperate zone (Apiren roz, Apiren negru de Grozești, Apiren roz timpuriu). During the period 1980–2025, over 30 new varieties (18 table varieties, 11 wine, 7 seedless) obtained within the institute were homologated and introduced into cultivation in the republic, which contributed to the diversification of the grapevine assortment. Currently, in the recommended grapevine assortment, newly created autochthonous varieties constitute 46%.