STUDY ON THE EVOLUTION AND DYNAMICS OF ANTI-EROSIONAL MANAGED AREAS AT NATIONAL LEVEL ACROSS DIVERSE LAND USE CATEGORIES

Abstract

The present study analyzes the evolution of anti-erosion landscaped surfaces in Romania over a period of almost three decades (1997-2024). The data illustrate diverse trends, from sustained growth in arable land and natural hayfields to significant restructuring in the fruit and viticultural sectors, all culminating in a stabilization phase in recent years. The largest share within the anti-erosion area is held by arable land, with more than half of the total (53.59%). This underscores the crucial importance given to protecting cultivated soils, which are most exposed to erosion risk, with investments being essential for maintaining long-term soil fertility and ensuring productivity. The significant share of hayfields (pastures and natural hayfields, totaling 31.35%, with 22.57% pastures and 8.78% grasslands) reflects the recognized importance of grassy ecosystems in soil conservation, by stabilizing slopes and regulating the water regime on the slopes. The inclusion of non-agricultural areas (6.39%) underlines a holistic approach to erosion management, extending conservation efforts beyond strictly agricultural borders. Orchards and fruit nurseries arranged with anti-erosion works (5.09%) and vineyards and wine nurseries (3.59%) have lower shares, probably suggesting a restructuring of the fruit and wine sector.  These dynamics reflect an adaptive and continuous commitment to soil protection, which is essential for the sustainability of national land resources. Studies on anti-erosional land management are crucial for promoting sustainable agriculture, addressing the conservation of water and soil resources, and mitigating the challenges generated by climate change.