SUNFLOWER CULTIVATION IN DIFFERENT SYSTEMS, IN ROMANIA

Abstract

Sunflower is cultivated in Romania, in five cultivation system, Clearfield, Clearfield Plus, Express Sun, conventional and organic. Clearfield system use sunflower genotypes with resistance at imidazolinone herbicides with active substance imazamox 40g/l. Clearfield Plus system use sunflower genotypes with resistance at imidazolinone herbicides with active substance imazamox 25g/l. Express Sunsystem use sunflower genotypes with resistance at sulfonylurea herbicides with active substance tribenurol metil 500g/l. Conventional system use classic sunflower genotypes with resistance at selective graminicides herbicides with active substances quizalofop-p-etil 50 g/l, quizalofop-p-tefuril 40 g/l, cletodim120 g/l. Organic system don’t use any herbicides, insecticides and fungicides. There are differences between these systems regarding weed infestation. Sunflower hybrid FD15E27 has in year 2024, in Fundulea, a seed yield of 1010Kg/ha, in system Express Sun, a seed yield of 1624 Kg/ha, in conventional system and a seed yield of 635 Kg/ha, in organic system. Insufficient precipitation and high temperatures affected seed yield of sunflower, in year 2024, in Fundulea, with a total rainfalls of 237.3 mm during period of vegetation from April to September and with a maximum temperature of 40.7^oC in July.